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/Our services (A to Z)/0 to 19 public health integrated nursing service (0 to 19 PHINS)/Oral health
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Oral health

This page explains how the Leeds 0 to 19 PHINS Oral Health team supports children, young people and families to keep their teeth healthy. It introduces key oral health messages and the programmes we deliver across the city.

Improving oral health for children and families

The Leeds 0 to 19 PHINS Oral Health team works across the city to help children, young people, and families look after their teeth and gums.

We provide evidence‑based programmes that focus on:

  • preventing tooth decay
  • helping families build healthy oral‑health habits

Our aim is to support good oral health from pregnancy through to young adulthood, so every child can grow, learn, and smile with confidence.

What we do

The Leeds 0 to 19 PHINS Oral Health team delivers:

  • Supervised Toothbrushing Scheme: Helping children build strong brushing habits in some nurseries, schools and SILC settings.
  • Community events: Sharing key oral health messages across Leeds.
  • Professional training: Providing training so staff can support families with clear, evidence‑based oral health information.

Why good oral health matters

Healthy teeth and gums are an important part of a child or young person’s overall health and wellbeing. Good oral health helps them to:

  • eat, sleep and speak comfortably
  • enjoy a healthy and varied diet
  • grow and develop without pain or infection
  • feel confident about their smile
  • avoid missing nursery or school
  • reduce the need for dental treatment, including extractions

Building good habits early supports lifelong dental health and helps prevent tooth decay.

Oral health: Myths, FAQs and facts

Myth: “Baby teeth don’t matter.”

Fact: Baby teeth are very important. They help children:

  • eat and chew safely
  • speak and learn phonics
  • smile, make friends and feel confident
  • avoid pain and infection
  • attend nursery and school
  • hold the correct space for adult teeth and prevent overcrowding

Tooth decay in baby teeth can cause pain, missed school days, and early extractions, and it is mostly preventable.

Should I wait to brush my baby’s teeth until all their teeth are through?

No. Start brushing as soon as the first tooth appears using toothpaste with at least 1000ppm fluoride. Use a smear of toothpaste (a thin film covering less than three‑quarters of the brush) for children under 3.

How much toothpaste should I put on my 3‑year‑old’s toothbrush?

Use a pea‑sized amount of toothpaste with 1000 to 1500ppm fluoride for children aged 3 to 6 years.

Can my toddler brush their own teeth properly?

No. Toddlers cannot brush well enough on their own. Children need help and supervision until at least 7 years old.

Should we rinse our mouths after brushing?

No. From around age 3, encourage children to spit, not rinse. Rinsing washes away the fluoride that protects their teeth.

When can my baby start using a cup?

  • Babies can start using a free‑flow, open cup from 6 months/li>
  • Stop using bottles by 1 year
  • Bottles should only contain breast milk, formula, or cooled boiled water
  • Do not add honey, sugar, juice or sweet drinks to bottles

How often should I change toothbrushes or toothbrush heads?

Replace every 3 months, or sooner if the bristles look worn.

Does it matter how many times my child eats or drinks each day?

Yes. Frequent snacking on sugary food or drinks can cause tooth decay.

Healthy routine:

  • Stick to 3 meals and 2 snacks
  • Keep sugary foods and drinks to mealtimes only
  • Remember these all contain sugar and should not be between‑meal snacks:
    • Honey
    • Fruit juice
    • Smoothies
    • Dried fruit
    • Fruit in sugary syrup

Choose fresh fruit, or frozen or canned fruit in juice, between meals.

1. Start early

Begin brushing your baby’s teeth as soon as their first tooth appears.

2. Brush twice a day

Brush for 2 minutes, last thing before bed and one other time in the day.

3. Use the right toothpaste

  • Under 3 years: A smear of toothpaste with at least 1000ppm fluoride
  • 3 years and older: A pea‑sized amount of toothpaste with 1000 to 1500ppm fluoride

4. Help your child brush

Support with brushing until they are at least 7 years old.

5. Spit, don’t rinse

After brushing, spit out toothpaste and do not rinse with water.

6. Limit sugary foods and drinks

If your child has sugary foods or drinks, keep them to mealtimes only.

7. Choose healthy drinks

Water and plain milk are the best options.

8. Move away from bottles

Use an open cup or free‑flow cup from around 6 months. Aim to stop using bottles by 1 year.

9. Visit the dentist often

NHS dental care for children is free. Take your child when their first tooth appears or before their first birthday, and attend regular check‑ups.

10. Ask about fluoride varnish

Children aged 3 and over should have fluoride varnish applied twice a year.

Contact us

You can call our Single Point of Access (SPA) from Monday to Friday, 8:30am to 5pm.

  • Phone: 0113 843 5683

You can also keep up to date with our service and find more information on our Facebook or Instagram pages.

If you 11 to 19 you can contact us via ChatHealth.

Text a 0 to 19 specialist public health nurse on 07520 619 750

Relay UK: Free support to help deaf people and those who have hearing loss or have a speech impairment to communicate over the phone.

  • Your Feedback means a lot: Complete our Friends and Family Test
  • How can we help you access and attend your appointment?
  • How to use ReciteMe accessibility and language tool guide
  • Support with accessing digital

Oral health

Oral health in pregnancy
Oral health in pregnancy
Oral health for babies and toddlers (0 to 3 years)
Oral health for babies and toddlers (0 to 3 years)
Oral health for children (3 to 11 years)
Oral health for children (3 to 11 years)
Oral health for children and teenagers (11+ years)
Oral health for children and teenagers (11+ years)
Oral health and Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND)
Oral health and Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND)
Find a dentist
Find a dentist
Toothbrushing scheme
Toothbrushing scheme
Oral health training for professionals
Oral health training for professionals

Contact us

You can call our Single Point of Access (SPA) from Monday to Friday, 8:30am to 5pm.

  • Phone: 0113 843 5683

You can also keep up to date with our service and find more information on our Facebook or Instagram pages.

If you 11 to 19 you can contact us via ChatHealth.

Text a 0 to 19 specialist public health nurse on 07520 619 750

Relay UK: Free support to help deaf people and those who have hearing loss or have a speech impairment to communicate over the phone.

  • Your Feedback means a lot: Complete our Friends and Family Test
  • How can we help you access and attend your appointment?
  • How to use ReciteMe accessibility and language tool guide
  • Support with accessing digital
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